In a historic ruling, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations' highest court, declared that all countries have a legal obligation under international law to address climate change and curb greenhouse gas emissions. The court stated that failing to act on climate change could be considered an internationally wrongful act, opening the door for countries to be held legally and financially responsible for climate-related damages. Wealthy and major polluting nations may now face lawsuits and demands for reparations from countries most affected by climate change, especially vulnerable island nations. The ICJ also affirmed that a healthy environment is a human right, marking a turning point in international climate law. This landmark opinion is expected to influence future climate litigation and increase pressure on governments worldwide to take stronger action against global warming.
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