In a historic ruling, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations' highest court, has declared that all countries are legally obligated under international law to address climate change and curb greenhouse gas emissions. The court's advisory opinion states that failure to act on climate change could constitute a breach of international law, opening the door for affected nations to seek reparations from major polluters. The ruling affirms that a healthy environment is a human right and that wealthy, high-emission countries may be held financially liable for climate damages suffered by vulnerable nations. This decision marks a new era of climate accountability, setting a global legal benchmark for climate justice and reinforcing the binding nature of climate commitments. While the opinion is not directly enforceable, it is expected to influence international policy, future litigation, and the actions of governments worldwide.
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