In a historic ruling, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations' highest court, declared that all countries are legally obligated under international law to address climate change and protect the global climate system. The court found that failing to curb greenhouse gas emissions or meet climate goals could be considered a violation of international law, opening the door for affected nations to seek reparations from major polluters. The advisory opinion, prompted by Pacific Island nations, affirms that a healthy environment is a human right and that wealthy countries must comply with their climate commitments. While the ruling is non-binding, it is expected to influence future climate litigation and increase pressure on governments worldwide to take stronger action. This decision marks a turning point in international climate law and climate justice, signaling the end of impunity for countries that ignore their environmental responsibilities.
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